Numeric Data Types in Python
Python supports three built-in numeric data types that are used to store numbers:
- int – whole numbers
- float – decimal numbers
- complex – numbers with a real and imaginary part
A numeric variable is created automatically when a numeric value is assigned to it.
Example:
Checking the Type of a Number
To find out which numeric type a variable belongs to, you can use the
type()
function.
Example:
Integer Numbers (int)
An integer is a whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero. Integers in Python can be very large and do not have a fixed size limit.
Example:
Floating Point Numbers (float)
A float is a number that contains a decimal point. It can also represent numbers written in scientific notation.
Example: Decimal Values
Scientific Notation
Python allows floats to be written using
e
or
E
to represent powers of 10.
Example:
Complex Numbers (complex)
Complex numbers consist of a real part and an imaginary part. The imaginary
part is represented using the letter
j.
Example:
Converting Between Numeric Types
Python allows you to convert numbers from one type to another using built-in
functions such as
int(),
float(), and
complex().
Example:
⚠️ Note: Complex numbers cannot be converted into integers or floats.
Generating Random Numbers
Python does not generate random numbers automatically, but it provides a
built-in module called
random
for this purpose.
Example:
This program generates a random integer between 1 and 20 (both inclusive).
