Go Structs

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Go Structs

In Go, a struct (short for structure) is a composite data type used to group related data fields together. Unlike arrays or slices—which store multiple values of the same type—structs allow you to combine values of different data types into a single, meaningful unit.

Structs are commonly used to model real-world entities such as users, products, or records in a database.

Why Use Structs?

• Organize related data into a single variable
• Represent complex data models clearly
• Improve code readability and maintainability
• Enable structured data handling in functions and methods

Declaring a Struct

To define a struct in Go, use the type and struct keywords:

type StructName struct { field1 datatype field2 datatype field3 datatype }

Example: Defining and Using a Struct

Here’s an example of a Student struct with different field types:

package main import "fmt" // Define a struct type Student struct { name string age int course string grade float64 } func main() { // Create struct instances var s1 Student var s2 Student // Assign values to s1 s1.name = "Rahul" s1.age = 20 s1.course = "Computer Science" s1.grade = 8.7 // Assign values to s2 s2.name = "Anita" s2.age = 22 s2.course = "Electronics" s2.grade = 9.1 // Access and print struct fields fmt.Println("Student 1:", s1.name, s1.age, s1.course, s1.grade) fmt.Println("Student 2:", s2.name, s2.age, s2.course, s2.grade) }

Student 1: Rahul 20 Computer Science 8.7 Student 2: Anita 22 Electronics 9.1

Accessing Struct Fields

Struct fields are accessed using the dot (.) operator:

s1.name s1.age

This makes it easy to read and update individual fields within a struct.

Passing Structs to Functions

Structs can be passed as arguments to functions, allowing you to operate on structured data efficiently.

package main import "fmt" type Product struct { name string price float64 stock int } // Function that accepts a struct func displayProduct(p Product) { fmt.Println("Product:", p.name) fmt.Println("Price:", p.price) fmt.Println("Stock:", p.stock) fmt.Println("---") } func main() { p1 := Product{"Laptop", 59999.99, 10} p2 := Product{"Headphones", 1999.50, 50} displayProduct(p1) displayProduct(p2) }

Product: Laptop Price: 59999.99 Stock: 10 --- Product: Headphones Price: 1999.5 Stock: 50 ---

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